government surveyed the land in the mid-19th century, although they had no claim on the land. The Utes were nomadic hunter-gatherers who seasonally used the natural hot springs in the area.
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The oral history of the Kapuuta and Mouache bands recall that Glenwood Springs is located within the "traditional Nuuchiu tuvupu (The People's Land) of the Subuagan and Parianuche bands." Fred Conetah's History of the Northern Utes states that the Yampa or White River bands used the area, which is now in the Ute ancestral jurisdiction. The northern Tepehuán numbered 18,249 in 2005, the southeastern, 10,600, and the southwestern, 8,700.For centuries the area that is now Glenwood Springs was populated by indigenous people before the colonization of the Americas. They still retain some of their traditional customs. Men and women use traditional bags to complement their outfit. The outfit is enriched with long hair combs, beaded necklaces and earrings or other accessories. The long socks use of bright colors is very widespread, roasted like plastic shoes. The fabrics are satin-like and decorated with lace and colored ribbons. The women's dress consists of three main parts: a skirt or springcity, a blouse with long sleeves and an apron around the waist. Like traditional dress, very few people these days use the leather and three holes Susak huaraches, although in some communities use is mandatory in ceremonies as mitote. There are some variations in different communities. The traditional hat, known as bonam, is made of soyate fabric with a circular shape. Even in places like San Francisco de Ocotán, it is customary to tack pants, various multicolor tissues headbands, from the hem to the knee. In most communities, these items have a simple decoration in a colorful thread used to sew the hems and folds. Blankets in Northern Tepehuán are called kutum and sawira, respectively. The male attire consists of a shirt, pants and blankets.
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Traditional clothing, worn by some men and more women, is very simple in the case of the first and very colorful in the latter. Today most men wear jeans, shirt and cowboy hat and sandals. Traditional male and female Tepehuán dress from Durango. Endonyms from the Tepehuán language include O'dam (Southeastern Tepehuán), Audam (Southwestern Tepehuán), and Ódami (Northern Tepehuán). The tepe element comes from Nahuatle tepetl (mountains), and huan coming from nemohuayan (dwelling) or from macehualtin (people). Tepehuán, alternately Tepeguán, derives from the Nahuatl term Tēpēhuanih, meaning "Mountain Dwellers" or " Mountain People".
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13.4 Tepehuán Indians During The Chichimeca War.Tepehuán groups are divided into the Ódami (Northern Tepehuán), Audam (Southwestern Tepehuán), and O'dam (Southeastern Tepehuán), each with their own language, culture, and beliefs. By the time of the Spanish conquest of Mexico, Tepehuan lands spanned a large territory along the Sierra Madre Occidental. The heart of the Tepehuan territory is in the Valley of Guadiana in Durango, but they eventually expanded into southern Chihuahua, eastern Sinaloa, and northern Jalisco, Nayarit, and Zacatecas. The indigenous Tepehuán language has three branches: Northern Tepehuan, Southeastern Tepehuan, Southwestern Tepehuan. They live in Northwestern, Western, and some parts of North-Central Mexico. The Tepehuán are an indigenous people of Mexico. Tepehuán Mythology, Shamanism, Animistic, Peyotism, and Roman CatholicĪcaxee, Mountain Pima, Tohono O'odham, Tarahumara, Tepecanos, Chichimecas, Cora, Huichol, Mexicanero Xiximes, and Totorames Mexico ( Durango, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Jalisco, Zacatecas, Nayarit)
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Tepehuán mother, father and child from Durango.